Exploring U.S. Regions Station Rotation for Grade 4
A multi-station geography packet for 4th and 5th grade 2e learners, about one hour across stations, that builds map-reading skills (cardinal directions, scale, symbols, latitude and longitude) and regional thinking across the five U.S. regions. Students use a Google Form to record answers, and the packet includes a vocabulary word bank, guided directions for each station, and a hands-on recreational park selection task that asks students to apply the criteria using special-purpose maps.
“create comprehensive center activities using google form for 4th and 5th grade 2e students: Lesson 2 Exploring Regions of the United Stotes How do geographers study the regions of the United States? ! ,,r I >..-. Z -/ i ) E a ::': 27 lnlroduclion Becouse Eorth is so lorge, geogrophers divide it into regions to study. A region is on oreo with common feotures that set it oport from other oreos. The United Stotes can be divided into regions, too. One woy to do this is by grouping stqtes with similor feotures into five different regions. In this lesson, you will leorn how geogrophers study regions. Geogrophers hove identified five mojor themes, or topics, to help them orgonize the study of geogrophy. Mops ore useful for understonding these five themes of geogrophy: . Locotion: Where is this ploce locqted? Whqt is it neor? . Ploce: Whot is this ploce like? . Humon-environmentol interoction: How does this ploce offect the people living here? How do the people who live here offect this ploce? o Movement: How do people, goods, ond ideos move to ond owoy from this ploce? . Regions: Whot feotures obout this ploce set it oport from other ploces? Try onswering the questions obove qbout your school. Now you ore thinking like o geogropher. Keep thinking thot woy as you reod more obout the regions of the United Stotes. You can use maps to explore different regions in this country. Vocobulory bosin cooslol ploin globol grid inlqnd line ol lolitude line ol longitude mop key plolequ region scole speciol-purpose mqp Lesson 2 Exploring Regions of the United States @Teachers' Curriculum lnstitule \ -el I / .) 28 Activity 0 nline Drow on outline oround the region in which your stqte is locoted. Which octivities ore you oble to do in the region where you live? Think of ot leost three qctivities that you cqn do. For exomple, ore you oble to go skiing, rofting, or swimming? Drow o picture of one of the octivities thot you ore oble to do in your region. Regional Map of the United States CANADA ) /- \ ATLAMIC \, OCEAN \- ?-' Preview Activity @Teachers' Curriculum lnstitute Lesson 2 Expioring Begions of the United States 29 Write the term next to its def,nition. Activity 0nline bosin cooslql ploan globolgdd Vocobulory Word Bonk inlond mop key line ol lotitude ploteou line ol longilude region scole speciol-purposo mqp Definition on imoginary line thot runs between the North ond South Poles; olso colled o meridion on imoginory line thot runs eost ond west qround the globe; olso colled q porollel the grid formed by crisscrossing lines of lotitude ond longitude on o mop on oreo thot shores similor feqtures on explonotion of whot the symbols on o mop stond for a diogrom thot shows the relotionship between the distonces on q mop ond reol distonces on Eqrth Iow flot lond thot runs olong o coost o bowl-shoped lqndform thot is lower thon the surrounding Iond not bordering on oceon or o lorge body ofwoter by on oceon o high, flqt londform thot rises steeply from the lqnd qround it - 30 Lessoc 2 ExDloong Regions of the Unrted States OTeadters' Curricu Term q mop thot shows just one kind of informotion, such os populotion Hond+On Activity :'f -t Leorn the bqsic skills of o geogropher ond use those skills to onswer questions qbout different regions. Use speciol-purpose mops to f,gure out where to build recreotionol porks in different regions. 6 t :l 7 \ \ - { ) I / ) L \ I rvL.! I * ) -/ I 't t ,e I I Directions: Building Bosic Geogrophy Skills 1. Reod Sections 1-6. Leorn qbout different feotures ofmops ond globes. 2. Take o mop quiz. Test your knowledge of mops ond globes. 3. Proctice mop skills. Explore different regions of the country with your portner ond onswer questions obout eoch region. Direclions: Building Recreotionql Porks in Ditferenl Regions L. Reod Sections 7-12. Leorn obout different regions in the United Stqtes. 2. Get into groups of four. Assign eoch member o speciic iob: Proiect Monoger, Elevotion Expert, Populotion Expert, or Roinfqll Expert. 3. Reod t{rrough the different recreotionol porks ond their criterio. Note the importont requirements, such os elevotion, populotion, ond roinfqll. 4. Exomine eoch geogrophic region. Eoch expert should exomine the oppropriote speciol-purpose mop to determine if the locotion works. 5. Find the best pork for eoch geogrophic region. Complete the chort by listing o recreotionol pork for eoch region, its coordinotes, ond two reosons why the locotion works. / \ L. OTeachers' C!rriculum lflstitute Lesson 2 Explor;ng Regions of the Unrted States l. locolion ond Direction Every ploce hos its own locqtion. A locotion is the site where something con be found. People describe locotions in monywoys. You might describe the locotion of your home by talking obout whot it is neor. This is the relotive locotion of your home. Or you might use your street qddress. This is the exoct locotion of your home. Geogrophers use globes ond mops to show the locations of ploces on Eorth. Globes ore round like Eorth. They ore useful when you wont to know where ploces ore on the plonet. When you need to see where mony ploces ore oll ot once, mops con be more useful. Mops show oll or port of Earth on o flot surfqce. To use q mop, you need to know the four cordinol directions. North is the direction toword the North Pole. When you foce north, your bock is facing south. Eqst is to your right. West is to your left. On o map, the letters N, S, E, qnd W stqnd for the cordinol directions. The intermediote directions ore holfiaroy between the cordinol directions. Northeost, for exomple, lies holfiuoy between north ond eost. The other intermediote directions ore southeost, southwest, ond northwest. On o mop, the letters NE, SE, SW, ond NW stond for the intermediate directions. Most mops use q composs rose to show directions. A compass rose sits on o map, with N pointing toword the North Pole. This tells you which woy on the mop is north. Why is it importont to know your directions? South Pole lf you face the North Pole, you are facing north. lf you face the South Pole, you are facing south. North Northwest Northeast NE West SW SE Southwest South N NVr' w E S Directions on a Map Lesson 2 Exploring Begions of the United States @Teachers' Curriculum lnstituto North Pole lf you get lost, you can use a map and a compass to find your way. Once you know one cardinal direction, you can determine the other three. East Southeast 32 10 158't5W r57'45 W E 0 t0 20 +lr-.r5 N PACIFIC N OCEAN Kaula Oahu Honolulu ilo 4 w4 ry /v N o o E S 0 50 0 Molokai @ 4/ AW 100 miles '100 kilometers PACIFIC I OCEAN I 50 PACIFIC OCEAN xanootaw* Hawaiian lslands 2.Scoles ond Symbols Mops never show sizes qnd distonces os they reqlly qre. They ore olwoys much smoller thon the port ofEorth they represent. A short distqnce on a mqp represents o much greater distonce on Eorth. The scqle of o mop shows the relotionship be- tween mop distances ond reol distqnces. A mop's scole con be shown in mony woys. The most common is o line scale. The scoles on the Howoi- iqn Islonds mop show two meosures of distonce. One is for miles, the other is for kilometers. Mops use symbols to show other kinds of informotion. A symbol is onything that stonds for something else. Sometimes symbols look like whot they stand for. For exomple, mopmokers often use tiny oirplone symbols to stond for oirports. Color is onother importont mop symbol. The color blue usuolly stonds for water. Mopmokers often use different colors to show seporote stotes or countries. Mapmokers use o mop key to exploin their symbols. (A key is olso colled o legend.) The mop key tells whot eoch symbol stqnds for. Look ot the key on this map. Whot does the stor stond for? OTeachers' Curriculum lnstilute Lesson 2 Exploring Regions ol the United States . City * State capital + Airport r Highway 4 Oahu 2 lr/aps like this one use scales and symbols. According to the map key, where is the airport on this map? 33 3. lines of lotitude Suppose you wqnt to describe the exqct Iocotion of o ploce on Eorth. To help you do this, mopmokers invented o system of imoginory lines oround the globe. Some of these lines run eost ond west oround the globe. They ore colled lines of lolilude. Lines of lotitude qre olso known as parallels becouse they ore olwoys the some distqnce oport. Lines of lotitude tell us how for north or south of the equator a ploce on Eorth is. The equotor is o line of lotitude. It divides Eorth into two holves. They ore colled the Northem Hemisphere ond the Southern Hemisphere. Becouse the United Stotes lies north of the equotor, it is in the Northern Hemisphere. The equotor is the starting point for measuring latitude. It is lobeled 0", or zero degrees. Porollels north ofthe equotor ore lobeled N. The North Pole is 90'N. Porollels south ofthe equotor ore lobeled S. The South Pole is 90"S. Lines of lotitude meosure between 0'qnd 90'N or 90'S. The closer q porollel is to the equotor, the smoller its number of degrees. The closer it is to one ofthe poles, the greoter its number of degrees. Do you live closer to the North Pole or the equotor? A boat's location on the ocean can be pinpointed using imaginary lines. These are called lines of latitude and longitude. North Pole 30.N- South d"':""""n 2 Exploring Regions oJ the United States 4s"s 15"S @Teachers' Curriculum lnstitute 4. Lines ol longitude Lines ol longilude tell us how fqr to the eost or west we need to go to locqte o ploce. Look ot this mop. It shows lines circling Eorth. Lines of longitude run north ond south between the North ond South poles ond ore colled meridians. Unlike lines of lotitude, meridions ore not porollel to eoch other. AII meridions meet ot the North Pole and the South Pole. The distonce between meridions is greotest ot the equotor. Thqt distonce shrinks os you move from the equqtor to the poles. Con you flnd the line thot is lobeled prime meridian on the mop? This imoginory line divides the world into the Eastem Hemisphere ond the Western Hemisphere. Becouse the United Stotes lies west of the prime meridion, it is in the Western Hemisphere. The longitude of the prime meridion is 0o. Lines of longitude west of the prime meridion ore lobeled l4l. Lines of longitude east of the prime meridiqn ore lobeled E. Lines of longitude meosure between O" ond 180'. The closer o meridion is to the prime meridion, the smoller its number of degrees. The forther it is from the prime meridion, the greoter its number of degrees. o m m c .9! ,i = E 'i 6- ( 3 o(') = North Pole @Teachers' Curriculum lnstitute Lesson 2 Exploring Regions of the United St South ",:,"'"G l 4 5.fhe Globql Grid Mopmokers combine lines of lotitude and longitude to form o grid. A grid is o set of crisscrossing lines. The grid below is colled o globo! grid becouse it covers oll of Eorth. Using the lines of lotitude ond longitude on the globol grid, you con locote ploces onywhere in the world. Let's find New Orleons on the mop below. It is 30 degrees north of the equotor, or 30'N. It is olso 90 degrees west of the prime meridion, or 90'W. Geogrophers coll the degrees of lotitude ond longitude o set of coordinotes. You stote Iotitude flrst, then longitude. New Orleons's coordinotes ore 30"N, 90'W. The city of Uige (weei), Angolo, is locoted ot 8"S, 15"E. To find this locotion, put your flnger on the mop where the equotor ond the prime meridion meet. Move your flnger eost to the 15'E meridion. So for, so good. Now you hove o problem. The 8'S porollel is not morked on this mop. You know, though, thot 8'S must lie between the equotor ond 15'S. If you move your flnger olong the 15'E meridion to the spot holfwoy between these two porollels, you will f,nd the city you ore looking for. North Pole 1/ P \l . h -<l i* \ l ----f-o L4 ft--frs's{ iH--{ro"s =H45',S* :.- N V5 "l 6 -H / l ,-lL- 4t Lines of latitude and longitude help us locate places. . City AU STRALIA "+. 2,500 5.000 miles SOUTHERN OCEAN ANTARTTIcA i ,5, >i" L) J N S 0 t. u H ffi h d AMERICA. B.Oee. ITI"ANTIC OCEAN \#r- t 4r+:\ \sourn z alupnrcl INDIAN OCEAN , AFRICA pTcrrlc=A OCFAN NORTH AR(TIC z- octY.r hil 0 2,500 5,000 kilometers LLesson 2 Exploring Regions of the United States @Teachers' Curriculum lnstitute South Pole The Global Grid (? ! ASIA q '-)* _L I :-a*-l5F CANADA MEXTCO ,l ti t \ PACIFI( OCEA],1 '*i"iiN,1ifr" "",&i !- --" Elevation in the United States 6. Kinds of Mops Geogrophers make different kinds of mops for different purposes. Mops thot show noturol feotures ore called physical maps. Physicol mops show londforms, such qs mountoins, volleys, ond ploins. They olso show bodies of woter, such os rivers, Iokes, ond oceons. Other mops show humon feotures. For exomple, o politicol mop shows cities, copitols, stotes, ond countries. Speciol-purpose mops show just one kind or type of informotion. Roinfqll mops, for exomple, show how much roin folls in different ports of the world. Populotion maps show how mony people live in different oreqs. Longuoge mops show whot languoges people speok in different ploces. One exomple of o speciol-purpose mop is on elevotion mop of the United Stotes. Elevotion is the height ofthe lond obove the oceon. The surfoce of the oceon, colled seo level, is ot zero elevotion. The highest point in North Americo is Denoli, or Mt. McKinley, in Alosko. Its elevotion is 2O,32O feet. What does the mop show obout your stote's elevqtion? OTeachers' Curriculum lnstitute Lesson 2 Exp orinq Reqions o, the United States **'* 3 5)\\ \1 0 150 300 miles F-+-j 0 1503OO kilomcte.. o ocE4_t{ ATIL\NTIC OCEAN 1 r-1t I This special-purpose map shows the elevation of the United States. Use the elevation key to find the highest areas in the country. What is the elevation where you live? 37 Complete the toble. Answer eoch question obout the different regions. Activity 0nline Region Ouestion Answer Northeost Along which Iine of Iongitude would you flnd Iocotion A? Southeost Which three locotions ore very close to 80"W? Midwest Which stote is north of Wisconsin ond Ohio? Southwest Which locotion is west of locotion Q? West Which stote ore you in if you ore at 45"N, 1.2O"W? 38 Lesson 2 Exploring fregrons o{ the United States OTeachers' Currculum lnstitute HondsOn Activity Noles 7. Regions in lhe United Stqles Now thqt you know how to reod mops, you con use them to study different oreos in the United Stotes. Certoin oreqs moy hove similqr chorocteristics. An oreo thqt shores similor feqtures is colled o region. Geogrophers con divide the United Stotes into mony different regions. In this mop, the United Stotes hqs been divided into five regions. They ore the Northeost, Southeost, Midwest, Southwest, qnd West. As you con see on the mop, eoch region hqs o different group of stotes. In which region is your stote locoted? Eoch region is nomed ofter its locotion in the United Stotes. Eor exomple, suppose you ore stonding in the middle of this country with o composs. In which direction cqn you find Floridq? If you use your composs, you con see thot Florido is toword the south ond east. So, Florido ond the stotes oround it ore in the Southeost region. The other four regions ore qlso nomed qfter where they ore found in the United Stotes. Find the regions on the mop. How would you describe their Iocotions? This map shows five regions in the United States. How do these regions differ? PACIFIC OCEAN a OTeachers' Curriculum lnstitute Lesson 2 Exploring Regions of the United States Regional Map of the United States ,...r ATIANTIC\ 39 Other than locotion, how else do these regions differ? Often port of whot mokes q region speciol is on importont nofurol feoture, such qs on oceon coqst, q choin of mountoins, o desert, o series of lokes, or o greot river. The West region, for exomple, borders the Pocific Oceon, while the Northeqst region borders the Atlontic Oceon. The feotures in a region con qffect the people Iiving there. For exomple, the Midwest is mostly mode up of flot ploins covered with rich soil. So, mony people who live there ore formers. People con olso qffect the environment in good woys qnd bod. Formers in the Midwest, for instonce, might protect the environment by growing crops on terroces to prevent erosion. But they might also use pesticides thot con pollute soil. Climote olso vories from region to region. In the Southwest, winters ore mild, but in the Midwest ond Northeost, winters ore horsh ond snowfoll is common. Climote qlso offects how people live. It shopes how we dress, whot we eot, ond how we spend our spore time. Eoch region olso hos its own history ond woy oflife. People in different regions eot different foods. They celebrate different holidays. They weor different kinds of clothing. They tell porticulor stories ond honor speciol heroes. People interact with their environment. For example, there are many farmers who grow corn on the flat plains of the Midwest. Lesson 2 Exploring Begions oI the United States OTeachers' Curriculum lnstitute I ,/ 40 8.The Norlheqsl The Northeqst region is locoted close to the Atlontic Ocean. There ore l.L stotes in this region. You con see these stotes on this map. Despite its mony states, the Northeost region is the smollest region. With big cities such os New York City, Boston, ond Philodelphio, the Northeost region is the most densely populoted region in the United Stotes. The region includes o voriety of londforms. A Iow flot ploin known os a coqslol ploin runs olong the coost of New Jersey, Delowore, ond Morylond. The Coostql Ploin hos sandy soil ond morshy lond. The Appolochion mountoin rqnge runs through the entire region. This ronge hos many forests. Lorge rivers flow out of these mountoins. The rivers thot flow eost cut ocross the Coostol Ploin to the Atlontic Oceon. The Northeqst region hos o different climote thon the other regions in United Stotes. The climote of o ploce is the kind of weother it hos over mony yeors. Temperoture, roinfoll, ond wind conditions ore ports of climote. In the Northeost region, winters ore long ond cold. Snowstofins ore common. Summers qre worm qnd sometimes con be hot. This map shows the Northeast region in the United States. lt is the most densely populated region. L4 On 0 150 300 kilometers CANADA t Elevation Feer Meters ,o.ooo5.u,roo s.ooo- i \3,loo t,ooo- ' -600- o- sea level ':. N i +F" S N Con ATI-A.NTIC \ OCEAN \ 65w OTeachers' Curriculum lnstitute Lesson 2 Exploring Regions ol the United States This is what fall looks like in Vermont, a state in the Northeast region. The Northeast 1 J* 0 150 300 miles 41 9.The Southeost fust south of the Northeost region is the Southeost region. This region is composed of 12 stotes ond includes big cities like Atlonto ond Miomi. The Southeost does not hove os mony big cities os the Northeost, but the two regions do shore q number of feotures. Like the Northeost, the Southeost is bordered by the Atlontic Oceon on the eost. The Appalochion mountoin ronge ond Coostol Ploin found in the Northeast olso extend into the Southeost. Which stotes in the Southeost region include these feotures? The Southeost hos other feotures, too. The Gulf of Mexico, for exomple, with its wqrm oceon woter lies to the south of the region. The Southeost olso hos forests, beoches, swomps, ond rivers. One of those rivers is the Mississippi River, which is one of the lorgest rivers in the United Stotes. The Mississippi River storts woy up north in Minnesotq ond flows south more thon 2,300 miles before emptying into the Gulf of Mexico. The Southeost region hos q mild winter climote. Winters there ore usuolly wormer thon in the Northeast. Summers ore hot ond humid. Humid meons domp or moist. This is a map of the Southeast region of the United States. How many features do you recognize in this region? E Wetlands and swamps are common in the Southeast region. rginia Ca ( South Georgia N Carol ina Y -o Louisi N .,+" S lo'N ATI.ANTIC OCEAN Elevation 0 o 0 150 300 miles I Gutf of Mexico l 150 300 kilometers The Southeast Lesson 2 Exploring Regions of the United States @Teachers' Curriculum lnstitute Lll 42 IO.The Midwesl The Midwest is one of the regions that lies in the center of our country. There ore L2 stotes in the Midwest region. The lorgest city in the region is Chicogo, which is the third lorgest city in the United Stotes. The Midwest is on inlond region. This meons it does not border ony oceon. However, the Greqt Lqkes form port of the Midwestt northern border. The flve Greot Lokes ore Lokes Superiol, Michigon, Huron, Erie, and Ontorio. These lokes ore so lorge thot they hold one-flfth of qll the fresh woter on Eorth. Most of the Midwest region is flot ploins. The Centrql Ploins ond Greot Ploins qre covered with some of the best soil on Eorth. Thot soil mokes the Midwest on importont farming region. The region is known for growing crops such qs corn, soybeons, ond wheot. The Mississippi River olso mns through the Centrol Ploins. It is o busy woter highwoy thot connects to the Gulf of Mexico qnd the Aflontic Oceon. Mony boots ond borges trovel on this river. The climote vories greotly by seoson in the Midwest. Winters ore bitter cold, ond snowfoll is common. However, summers ore hot ond humid. :,F G) - s 5 E &nrar ? ,.1"i+].,"" 5,OOO- \ L 3,rOO r.ool -% 3i:::,., "1 150 300 k; 0 o @Teacters' Curriculum lnstitute Lesson 2 Exploring Regions of the United States The lVlidwest region has some of the best conditions for farming in the United States. This is a map of the lVlidwest region. What do you notice about the water features in this region? t r The Midwest CANADA .q 43 I I.The Soulhwest The Southwest region is positioned iust south of the Midwest region. The Southwest is mode up of only four stotes. One of them is Texos, the second lorgest stqte in the United Stotes. The coostol ploin extends from the Southeost into Texos, ond the Gulf of Mexico borders the stote. Texos qlso hqs three of the ten most populoted cities in Americo. One of those is Houston, the lorgest city in the Southwest region qnd the fourth lorgest city in the country. Ploins cover the eostern port of the Southwest. Forther west, the lond rises to form the Colorqdo Plqteou. A ploleou is o high, flqt londform thqt rises steeply from the lqnd qround it. Most of the Colorodo Plqteou is crisscrossed by mony deep conyons. The lorgest ond most fomous is the Grond Conyon, which is in Arizonq. The Grand Canyon is corved by the Colorodo River, which is the second longest river in the region behind the Rio Grande. The Southwest region has o dry climqte with high temperatures. In the summer, it is not uncommon for the temperoture to reoch triple digits in some ploces. Winters ore cooler, but snow is rore. It is difficult for many plants to grow in the dry climate of the Southwest region. 10,000 5,000 1,000N"+'fu El€vation 0- Gulf of Meaico miles meters MEXICO ?v N E I 0 0 150 300 Lesson 2 Exploring Regions of the United States @Teachers' Curriculum lnstitute This is a map of the Southwest region of the United States. What features does it share with other regions? The Southwest I I t \- .f+ \. M I2.The West The West region is to the west of the Midwest ond the Southwest. It borders the Pocific Oceon. The West is mode up of 11 stotes. One of the stqtes is Alosko, which is the biggest stote in the United Stqtes. Another stote is Colifornio, which is the most populous stote. Cqlifornio's biggest city, Los Angeles, is the second most populous city in the country. Mountoin ronges stretch ocross much of the West. The Rocky Mountoins begin for to the north in Alqskq. From there they stretch south through Conodo, Montono, Idoho, Wyoming, ond Colorodo. The Greot Bqsin lies to the west of the Rockies. A bosin is o bowl-shoped londform thot is lower thqn the lond oround it. Ronges of mountoins circle oround the Greot Bqsin. This map shows the West region of the United States. Based on the scales, which state is the largest in the region? ra 2: n9 t {1tCTIC OCEAA r. s L Alaska , + ,tr t( 0 200 4oorni t_.r? O 4O0 kilometers I t lv E go K PACIFI( OCEAA 150 300 kilometers t -v4_ El.v.tion % ,.::1{;;:: 5.ooo: I \-3,100 r,ooo- ', -600^ 0- Below '.- \ c Hawa ii PACIFI( OCEAA o 75 150 miles F+-rrr-J 0 150 kilometers 3 ? California The West @ Teachers' Curriculum lnstitute CANADA CANADA 0 Ulah 150 300 miles rt! l5'N MEXICO Lesson 2 Exploring Regions of the United States 45 There ore severol mountqin ronges olong the Pqciflc coqst. The Coost Ronges ore mountoins thqt seem to rise right out of the Pocific Oceon. The Coscade Ronge ond the Sierro Nevodo ore further inlond. (Sierro Nevodo meons "snowy ronge" in Sponish.) Between the Coost Ronge mountoins ond the inlond mountqins ore two rich forming volleys. One is Cqlifomiq's Centrol Volley. The other is Oregont Willomette Volley. Howoii is olso mountoinous. Volconoes formed its islonds Iong ogo. A volcono is an opening in Eorth's surfoce through which hot, melted rock ond osh may pour out. As the liquid rock cools, it forms o cone-shoped mountoin. 0regon s Willamette Valley lies between the Coast Hange mountains and inland mountains. The soil here is rich enough to plant many crops. Lesson 2 Exploring Regions of the United States @Teachers' Curriculum lnstitute a I .t I 46 Must be located somewhere where there is over 250 people per squore mile ond no more thon 64 inches of roin folls onnuolly Honds0n Activity Noles Must be locoted ot on elevotion no higher thon 5,OO0 feet where the populotion is greoter thon 50 people per squore mile ond no more thon 32 inches of roin folls onnuolly Aquorium ond Seo Life Pork thon 96 inches of roin folls onnuolly Winter Wonderlond ond Ski Park I -t I - Must be locoted somewhere thot gets no more thon 32 inches of roin folls onnuolly ond thot hos o populotion of 250 per squore mile or more Zippin'Zipline Pork . w ,J .! Must be locoted somewhere with o populotion density of ot leos 50 people per squore mile ond ,l Activity 0 nline Swingin' Arnusement Pork Must be locoted by on oceon or gulf where the populotion is greoter thon 250 people per squore mile ond no more l Highlond Skote ond BMX Pork Roorin' Whitewoter Rofting Pork Must be locoted on o river olong o poth with ot leost two elevotion ronges, in on oreo thot gets 32-96 inches of roin foll onnuolly I Wild Slide Woter Pork i Must be ot leost 5,00O feet in elevotion ond hove o populotion of no more thon 49 people per squore mile Must be locoted ot on elevotion of qt leost 1000 feet, in o forested oreo with o populotion density of no more thon 49 people per squore mile f '-r Sunset Trompoline Pork ) on elevotion no higher thon 599 feet O Teachers' Cuniculum lnstitute Lesson Z b(ploring Beqioos o, the United States 47 Region Park Coordinates Two reasons why this location and region work Northeost Southeost Midwest Southwest West Complete the toble by choosing the best pork for eoch region. Provide the coordinotes ond qt leost two reosons why that park works well in the region. 48 Lesson 2 Exploftng Begions of the United States @Teachers' Curriculum lnstituts Summory You now know thot there ore different kinds of maps. Some mops show locotions of ploces oround the world. Lines of lotitude ond longitude help us f,nd exact locotions of ploces ond meosure distonces north to south ond eost to west. Mop scoles olso help us meosure distonces from ploce to ploce. Did you remember to think like o geogropher qs you looked ot the mops of eoch region? As you reqd about eoch region of the United Stotes, you considered the five themes of geogrophy: locotion, ploce, humon-environmentol interoction, movement, ond regions. You looked ot physicol maps of eoch region to see where o ploce is locoted and what it is like. There ore mony other kinds of mops, including speciol-purpose mops. To compore climotes oround the country, you might use o climote map. A product mop might show whqt eoch region grows or monufoctures. Which region do you live in? How is it different from the others? Eoch region of the United Stotes vories by locotion, nqturol feotures, climote, ond woy of life. Find o recreotionol pork in the United Stotes and flll in the informotion obout it. You cqn choose from ony of the types of porks listed. Nome of Pork: Type of Pork: tr Whitewqter rqfting tr Trompoline pork tr Skqte ond BMX pork tr Aquorium ond seo life pork tr Winter octivity ond ski pork tr Amusement pork tr Woter pork tr Zipline pork Locqtion of Pqrk (Region): Lotitude/Longitude: Averoge Roinfoll: Elevotion: Populotion Density:”
Teacher Guide & Tips
- Use this as a rotating station block of roughly 45 to 60 minutes, with one station on map basics, one on the five regions, and one on the park-selection task, so small groups can move at their own pace through the Google Form.
- Discussion question: Why might a farmer in the Midwest and a skier in the Northeast experience the same country so differently? Ask students to connect climate and landforms to daily life.
- Scaffold for struggling readers: pre-teach the vocabulary word bank, pair students with a partner for the compass rose and map key tasks, and read the Introduction and directions aloud before students work independently.
- Extension for advanced students: have them design their own recreational park for a region not already assigned, justifying the coordinates with at least two elevation, population, or rainfall criteria drawn from the special-purpose maps.
- Estimated time: about 10 minutes per station for reading and guided practice, plus 15 to 20 minutes for the park-selection chart and the Google Form summary.
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Try Diffit for free“create comprehensive center activities using google form for 4th and 5th grade 2e students: Lesson 2 Exploring Regions of the United Stotes How do geographers study the regions of the United States? ! ,,r I >..-. Z -/ i ) E a ::': 27 lnlroduclion Becouse Eorth is so lorge, geogrophers divide it into regions to study. A region is on oreo with common feotures that set it oport from other oreos. The United Stotes can be divided into regions, too. One woy to do this is by grouping stqtes with similor feotures into five different regions. In this lesson, you will leorn how geogrophers study regions. Geogrophers hove identified five mojor themes, or topics, to help them orgonize the study of geogrophy. Mops ore useful for understonding these five themes of geogrophy: . Locotion: Where is this ploce locqted? Whqt is it neor? . Ploce: Whot is this ploce like? . Humon-environmentol interoction: How does this ploce offect the people living here? How do the people who live here offect this ploce? o Movement: How do people, goods, ond ideos move to ond owoy from this ploce? . Regions: Whot feotures obout this ploce set it oport from other ploces? Try onswering the questions obove qbout your school. Now you ore thinking like o geogropher. Keep thinking thot woy as you reod more obout the regions of the United Stotes. You can use maps to explore different regions in this country. Vocobulory bosin cooslol ploin globol grid inlqnd line ol lolitude line ol longitude mop key plolequ region scole speciol-purpose mqp Lesson 2 Exploring Regions of the United States @Teachers' Curriculum lnstitule \ -el I / .) 28 Activity 0 nline Drow on outline oround the region in which your stqte is locoted. Which octivities ore you oble to do in the region where you live? Think of ot leost three qctivities that you cqn do. For exomple, ore you oble to go skiing, rofting, or swimming? Drow o picture of one of the octivities thot you ore oble to do in your region. Regional Map of the United States CANADA ) /- \ ATLAMIC \, OCEAN \- ?-' Preview Activity @Teachers' Curriculum lnstitute Lesson 2 Expioring Begions of the United States 29 Write the term next to its def,nition. Activity 0nline bosin cooslql ploan globolgdd Vocobulory Word Bonk inlond mop key line ol lotitude ploteou line ol longilude region scole speciol-purposo mqp Definition on imoginary line thot runs between the North ond South Poles; olso colled o meridion on imoginory line thot runs eost ond west qround the globe; olso colled q porollel the grid formed by crisscrossing lines of lotitude ond longitude on o mop on oreo thot shores similor feqtures on explonotion of whot the symbols on o mop stond for a diogrom thot shows the relotionship between the distonces on q mop ond reol distonces on Eqrth Iow flot lond thot runs olong o coost o bowl-shoped lqndform thot is lower thon the surrounding Iond not bordering on oceon or o lorge body ofwoter by on oceon o high, flqt londform thot rises steeply from the lqnd qround it - 30 Lessoc 2 ExDloong Regions of the Unrted States OTeadters' Curricu Term q mop thot shows just one kind of informotion, such os populotion Hond+On Activity :'f -t Leorn the bqsic skills of o geogropher ond use those skills to onswer questions qbout different regions. Use speciol-purpose mops to f,gure out where to build recreotionol porks in different regions. 6 t :l 7 \ \ - { ) I / ) L \ I rvL.! I * ) -/ I 't t ,e I I Directions: Building Bosic Geogrophy Skills 1. Reod Sections 1-6. Leorn qbout different feotures ofmops ond globes. 2. Take o mop quiz. Test your knowledge of mops ond globes. 3. Proctice mop skills. Explore different regions of the country with your portner ond onswer questions obout eoch region. Direclions: Building Recreotionql Porks in Ditferenl Regions L. Reod Sections 7-12. Leorn obout different regions in the United Stqtes. 2. Get into groups of four. Assign eoch member o speciic iob: Proiect Monoger, Elevotion Expert, Populotion Expert, or Roinfqll Expert. 3. Reod t{rrough the different recreotionol porks ond their criterio. Note the importont requirements, such os elevotion, populotion, ond roinfqll. 4. Exomine eoch geogrophic region. Eoch expert should exomine the oppropriote speciol-purpose mop to determine if the locotion works. 5. Find the best pork for eoch geogrophic region. Complete the chort by listing o recreotionol pork for eoch region, its coordinotes, ond two reosons why the locotion works. / \ L. OTeachers' C!rriculum lflstitute Lesson 2 Explor;ng Regions of the Unrted States l. locolion ond Direction Every ploce hos its own locqtion. A locotion is the site where something con be found. People describe locotions in monywoys. You might describe the locotion of your home by talking obout whot it is neor. This is the relotive locotion of your home. Or you might use your street qddress. This is the exoct locotion of your home. Geogrophers use globes ond mops to show the locations of ploces on Eorth. Globes ore round like Eorth. They ore useful when you wont to know where ploces ore on the plonet. When you need to see where mony ploces ore oll ot once, mops con be more useful. Mops show oll or port of Earth on o flot surfqce. To use q mop, you need to know the four cordinol directions. North is the direction toword the North Pole. When you foce north, your bock is facing south. Eqst is to your right. West is to your left. On o map, the letters N, S, E, qnd W stqnd for the cordinol directions. The intermediote directions ore holfiaroy between the cordinol directions. Northeost, for exomple, lies holfiuoy between north ond eost. The other intermediote directions ore southeost, southwest, ond northwest. On o mop, the letters NE, SE, SW, ond NW stond for the intermediate directions. Most mops use q composs rose to show directions. A compass rose sits on o map, with N pointing toword the North Pole. This tells you which woy on the mop is north. Why is it importont to know your directions? South Pole lf you face the North Pole, you are facing north. lf you face the South Pole, you are facing south. North Northwest Northeast NE West SW SE Southwest South N NVr' w E S Directions on a Map Lesson 2 Exploring Begions of the United States @Teachers' Curriculum lnstituto North Pole lf you get lost, you can use a map and a compass to find your way. Once you know one cardinal direction, you can determine the other three. East Southeast 32 10 158't5W r57'45 W E 0 t0 20 +lr-.r5 N PACIFIC N OCEAN Kaula Oahu Honolulu ilo 4 w4 ry /v N o o E S 0 50 0 Molokai @ 4/ AW 100 miles '100 kilometers PACIFIC I OCEAN I 50 PACIFIC OCEAN xanootaw* Hawaiian lslands 2.Scoles ond Symbols Mops never show sizes qnd distonces os they reqlly qre. They ore olwoys much smoller thon the port ofEorth they represent. A short distqnce on a mqp represents o much greater distonce on Eorth. The scqle of o mop shows the relotionship be- tween mop distances ond reol distqnces. A mop's scole con be shown in mony woys. The most common is o line scale. The scoles on the Howoi- iqn Islonds mop show two meosures of distonce. One is for miles, the other is for kilometers. Mops use symbols to show other kinds of informotion. A symbol is onything that stonds for something else. Sometimes symbols look like whot they stand for. For exomple, mopmokers often use tiny oirplone symbols to stond for oirports. Color is onother importont mop symbol. The color blue usuolly stonds for water. Mopmokers often use different colors to show seporote stotes or countries. Mapmokers use o mop key to exploin their symbols. (A key is olso colled o legend.) The mop key tells whot eoch symbol stqnds for. Look ot the key on this map. Whot does the stor stond for? OTeachers' Curriculum lnstilute Lesson 2 Exploring Regions ol the United States . City * State capital + Airport r Highway 4 Oahu 2 lr/aps like this one use scales and symbols. According to the map key, where is the airport on this map? 33 3. lines of lotitude Suppose you wqnt to describe the exqct Iocotion of o ploce on Eorth. To help you do this, mopmokers invented o system of imoginory lines oround the globe. Some of these lines run eost ond west oround the globe. They ore colled lines of lolilude. Lines of lotitude qre olso known as parallels becouse they ore olwoys the some distqnce oport. Lines of lotitude tell us how for north or south of the equator a ploce on Eorth is. The equotor is o line of lotitude. It divides Eorth into two holves. They ore colled the Northem Hemisphere ond the Southern Hemisphere. Becouse the United Stotes lies north of the equotor, it is in the Northern Hemisphere. The equotor is the starting point for measuring latitude. It is lobeled 0", or zero degrees. Porollels north ofthe equotor ore lobeled N. The North Pole is 90'N. Porollels south ofthe equotor ore lobeled S. The South Pole is 90"S. Lines of lotitude meosure between 0'qnd 90'N or 90'S. The closer q porollel is to the equotor, the smoller its number of degrees. The closer it is to one ofthe poles, the greoter its number of degrees. Do you live closer to the North Pole or the equotor? A boat's location on the ocean can be pinpointed using imaginary lines. These are called lines of latitude and longitude. North Pole 30.N- South d"':""""n 2 Exploring Regions oJ the United States 4s"s 15"S @Teachers' Curriculum lnstitute 4. Lines ol longitude Lines ol longilude tell us how fqr to the eost or west we need to go to locqte o ploce. Look ot this mop. It shows lines circling Eorth. Lines of longitude run north ond south between the North ond South poles ond ore colled meridians. Unlike lines of lotitude, meridions ore not porollel to eoch other. AII meridions meet ot the North Pole and the South Pole. The distonce between meridions is greotest ot the equotor. Thqt distonce shrinks os you move from the equqtor to the poles. Con you flnd the line thot is lobeled prime meridian on the mop? This imoginory line divides the world into the Eastem Hemisphere ond the Western Hemisphere. Becouse the United Stotes lies west of the prime meridion, it is in the Western Hemisphere. The longitude of the prime meridion is 0o. Lines of longitude west of the prime meridion ore lobeled l4l. Lines of longitude east of the prime meridiqn ore lobeled E. Lines of longitude meosure between O" ond 180'. The closer o meridion is to the prime meridion, the smoller its number of degrees. The forther it is from the prime meridion, the greoter its number of degrees. o m m c .9! ,i = E 'i 6- ( 3 o(') = North Pole @Teachers' Curriculum lnstitute Lesson 2 Exploring Regions of the United St South ",:,"'"G l 4 5.fhe Globql Grid Mopmokers combine lines of lotitude and longitude to form o grid. A grid is o set of crisscrossing lines. The grid below is colled o globo! grid becouse it covers oll of Eorth. Using the lines of lotitude ond longitude on the globol grid, you con locote ploces onywhere in the world. Let's find New Orleons on the mop below. It is 30 degrees north of the equotor, or 30'N. It is olso 90 degrees west of the prime meridion, or 90'W. Geogrophers coll the degrees of lotitude ond longitude o set of coordinotes. You stote Iotitude flrst, then longitude. New Orleons's coordinotes ore 30"N, 90'W. The city of Uige (weei), Angolo, is locoted ot 8"S, 15"E. To find this locotion, put your flnger on the mop where the equotor ond the prime meridion meet. Move your flnger eost to the 15'E meridion. So for, so good. Now you hove o problem. The 8'S porollel is not morked on this mop. You know, though, thot 8'S must lie between the equotor ond 15'S. If you move your flnger olong the 15'E meridion to the spot holfwoy between these two porollels, you will f,nd the city you ore looking for. North Pole 1/ P \l . h -<l i* \ l ----f-o L4 ft--frs's{ iH--{ro"s =H45',S* :.- N V5 "l 6 -H / l ,-lL- 4t Lines of latitude and longitude help us locate places. . City AU STRALIA "+. 2,500 5.000 miles SOUTHERN OCEAN ANTARTTIcA i ,5, >i" L) J N S 0 t. u H ffi h d AMERICA. B.Oee. ITI"ANTIC OCEAN \#r- t 4r+:\ \sourn z alupnrcl INDIAN OCEAN , AFRICA pTcrrlc=A OCFAN NORTH AR(TIC z- octY.r hil 0 2,500 5,000 kilometers LLesson 2 Exploring Regions of the United States @Teachers' Curriculum lnstitute South Pole The Global Grid (? ! ASIA q '-)* _L I :-a*-l5F CANADA MEXTCO ,l ti t \ PACIFI( OCEA],1 '*i"iiN,1ifr" "",&i !- --" Elevation in the United States 6. Kinds of Mops Geogrophers make different kinds of mops for different purposes. Mops thot show noturol feotures ore called physical maps. Physicol mops show londforms, such qs mountoins, volleys, ond ploins. They olso show bodies of woter, such os rivers, Iokes, ond oceons. Other mops show humon feotures. For exomple, o politicol mop shows cities, copitols, stotes, ond countries. Speciol-purpose mops show just one kind or type of informotion. Roinfqll mops, for exomple, show how much roin folls in different ports of the world. Populotion maps show how mony people live in different oreqs. Longuoge mops show whot languoges people speok in different ploces. One exomple of o speciol-purpose mop is on elevotion mop of the United Stotes. Elevotion is the height ofthe lond obove the oceon. The surfoce of the oceon, colled seo level, is ot zero elevotion. The highest point in North Americo is Denoli, or Mt. McKinley, in Alosko. Its elevotion is 2O,32O feet. What does the mop show obout your stote's elevqtion? OTeachers' Curriculum lnstitute Lesson 2 Exp orinq Reqions o, the United States **'* 3 5)\\ \1 0 150 300 miles F-+-j 0 1503OO kilomcte.. o ocE4_t{ ATIL\NTIC OCEAN 1 r-1t I This special-purpose map shows the elevation of the United States. Use the elevation key to find the highest areas in the country. What is the elevation where you live? 37 Complete the toble. Answer eoch question obout the different regions. Activity 0nline Region Ouestion Answer Northeost Along which Iine of Iongitude would you flnd Iocotion A? Southeost Which three locotions ore very close to 80"W? Midwest Which stote is north of Wisconsin ond Ohio? Southwest Which locotion is west of locotion Q? West Which stote ore you in if you ore at 45"N, 1.2O"W? 38 Lesson 2 Exploring fregrons o{ the United States OTeachers' Currculum lnstitute HondsOn Activity Noles 7. Regions in lhe United Stqles Now thqt you know how to reod mops, you con use them to study different oreos in the United Stotes. Certoin oreqs moy hove similqr chorocteristics. An oreo thqt shores similor feqtures is colled o region. Geogrophers con divide the United Stotes into mony different regions. In this mop, the United Stotes hqs been divided into five regions. They ore the Northeost, Southeost, Midwest, Southwest, qnd West. As you con see on the mop, eoch region hqs o different group of stotes. In which region is your stote locoted? Eoch region is nomed ofter its locotion in the United Stotes. Eor exomple, suppose you ore stonding in the middle of this country with o composs. In which direction cqn you find Floridq? If you use your composs, you con see thot Florido is toword the south ond east. So, Florido ond the stotes oround it ore in the Southeost region. The other four regions ore qlso nomed qfter where they ore found in the United Stotes. Find the regions on the mop. How would you describe their Iocotions? This map shows five regions in the United States. How do these regions differ? PACIFIC OCEAN a OTeachers' Curriculum lnstitute Lesson 2 Exploring Regions of the United States Regional Map of the United States ,...r ATIANTIC\ 39 Other than locotion, how else do these regions differ? Often port of whot mokes q region speciol is on importont nofurol feoture, such qs on oceon coqst, q choin of mountoins, o desert, o series of lokes, or o greot river. The West region, for exomple, borders the Pocific Oceon, while the Northeqst region borders the Atlontic Oceon. The feotures in a region con qffect the people Iiving there. For exomple, the Midwest is mostly mode up of flot ploins covered with rich soil. So, mony people who live there ore formers. People con olso qffect the environment in good woys qnd bod. Formers in the Midwest, for instonce, might protect the environment by growing crops on terroces to prevent erosion. But they might also use pesticides thot con pollute soil. Climote olso vories from region to region. In the Southwest, winters ore mild, but in the Midwest ond Northeost, winters ore horsh ond snowfoll is common. Climote qlso offects how people live. It shopes how we dress, whot we eot, ond how we spend our spore time. Eoch region olso hos its own history ond woy oflife. People in different regions eot different foods. They celebrate different holidays. They weor different kinds of clothing. They tell porticulor stories ond honor speciol heroes. People interact with their environment. For example, there are many farmers who grow corn on the flat plains of the Midwest. Lesson 2 Exploring Begions oI the United States OTeachers' Curriculum lnstitute I ,/ 40 8.The Norlheqsl The Northeqst region is locoted close to the Atlontic Ocean. There ore l.L stotes in this region. You con see these stotes on this map. Despite its mony states, the Northeost region is the smollest region. With big cities such os New York City, Boston, ond Philodelphio, the Northeost region is the most densely populoted region in the United Stotes. The region includes o voriety of londforms. A Iow flot ploin known os a coqslol ploin runs olong the coost of New Jersey, Delowore, ond Morylond. The Coostql Ploin hos sandy soil ond morshy lond. The Appolochion mountoin rqnge runs through the entire region. This ronge hos many forests. Lorge rivers flow out of these mountoins. The rivers thot flow eost cut ocross the Coostol Ploin to the Atlontic Oceon. The Northeqst region hos o different climote thon the other regions in United Stotes. The climote of o ploce is the kind of weother it hos over mony yeors. Temperoture, roinfoll, ond wind conditions ore ports of climote. In the Northeost region, winters ore long ond cold. Snowstofins ore common. Summers qre worm qnd sometimes con be hot. This map shows the Northeast region in the United States. lt is the most densely populated region. L4 On 0 150 300 kilometers CANADA t Elevation Feer Meters ,o.ooo5.u,roo s.ooo- i \3,loo t,ooo- ' -600- o- sea level ':. N i +F" S N Con ATI-A.NTIC \ OCEAN \ 65w OTeachers' Curriculum lnstitute Lesson 2 Exploring Regions ol the United States This is what fall looks like in Vermont, a state in the Northeast region. The Northeast 1 J* 0 150 300 miles 41 9.The Southeost fust south of the Northeost region is the Southeost region. This region is composed of 12 stotes ond includes big cities like Atlonto ond Miomi. The Southeost does not hove os mony big cities os the Northeost, but the two regions do shore q number of feotures. Like the Northeost, the Southeost is bordered by the Atlontic Oceon on the eost. The Appalochion mountoin ronge ond Coostol Ploin found in the Northeast olso extend into the Southeost. Which stotes in the Southeost region include these feotures? The Southeost hos other feotures, too. The Gulf of Mexico, for exomple, with its wqrm oceon woter lies to the south of the region. The Southeost olso hos forests, beoches, swomps, ond rivers. One of those rivers is the Mississippi River, which is one of the lorgest rivers in the United Stotes. The Mississippi River storts woy up north in Minnesotq ond flows south more thon 2,300 miles before emptying into the Gulf of Mexico. The Southeost region hos q mild winter climote. Winters there ore usuolly wormer thon in the Northeast. Summers ore hot ond humid. Humid meons domp or moist. This is a map of the Southeast region of the United States. How many features do you recognize in this region? E Wetlands and swamps are common in the Southeast region. rginia Ca ( South Georgia N Carol ina Y -o Louisi N .,+" S lo'N ATI.ANTIC OCEAN Elevation 0 o 0 150 300 miles I Gutf of Mexico l 150 300 kilometers The Southeast Lesson 2 Exploring Regions of the United States @Teachers' Curriculum lnstitute Lll 42 IO.The Midwesl The Midwest is one of the regions that lies in the center of our country. There ore L2 stotes in the Midwest region. The lorgest city in the region is Chicogo, which is the third lorgest city in the United Stotes. The Midwest is on inlond region. This meons it does not border ony oceon. However, the Greqt Lqkes form port of the Midwestt northern border. The flve Greot Lokes ore Lokes Superiol, Michigon, Huron, Erie, and Ontorio. These lokes ore so lorge thot they hold one-flfth of qll the fresh woter on Eorth. Most of the Midwest region is flot ploins. The Centrql Ploins ond Greot Ploins qre covered with some of the best soil on Eorth. Thot soil mokes the Midwest on importont farming region. The region is known for growing crops such qs corn, soybeons, ond wheot. The Mississippi River olso mns through the Centrol Ploins. It is o busy woter highwoy thot connects to the Gulf of Mexico qnd the Aflontic Oceon. Mony boots ond borges trovel on this river. The climote vories greotly by seoson in the Midwest. Winters ore bitter cold, ond snowfoll is common. However, summers ore hot ond humid. :,F G) - s 5 E &nrar ? ,.1"i+].,"" 5,OOO- \ L 3,rOO r.ool -% 3i:::,., "1 150 300 k; 0 o @Teacters' Curriculum lnstitute Lesson 2 Exploring Regions of the United States The lVlidwest region has some of the best conditions for farming in the United States. This is a map of the lVlidwest region. What do you notice about the water features in this region? t r The Midwest CANADA .q 43 I I.The Soulhwest The Southwest region is positioned iust south of the Midwest region. The Southwest is mode up of only four stotes. One of them is Texos, the second lorgest stqte in the United Stotes. The coostol ploin extends from the Southeost into Texos, ond the Gulf of Mexico borders the stote. Texos qlso hqs three of the ten most populoted cities in Americo. One of those is Houston, the lorgest city in the Southwest region qnd the fourth lorgest city in the country. Ploins cover the eostern port of the Southwest. Forther west, the lond rises to form the Colorqdo Plqteou. A ploleou is o high, flqt londform thqt rises steeply from the lqnd qround it. Most of the Colorodo Plqteou is crisscrossed by mony deep conyons. The lorgest ond most fomous is the Grond Conyon, which is in Arizonq. The Grand Canyon is corved by the Colorodo River, which is the second longest river in the region behind the Rio Grande. The Southwest region has o dry climqte with high temperatures. In the summer, it is not uncommon for the temperoture to reoch triple digits in some ploces. Winters ore cooler, but snow is rore. It is difficult for many plants to grow in the dry climate of the Southwest region. 10,000 5,000 1,000N"+'fu El€vation 0- Gulf of Meaico miles meters MEXICO ?v N E I 0 0 150 300 Lesson 2 Exploring Regions of the United States @Teachers' Curriculum lnstitute This is a map of the Southwest region of the United States. What features does it share with other regions? The Southwest I I t \- .f+ \. M I2.The West The West region is to the west of the Midwest ond the Southwest. It borders the Pocific Oceon. The West is mode up of 11 stotes. One of the stqtes is Alosko, which is the biggest stote in the United Stqtes. Another stote is Colifornio, which is the most populous stote. Cqlifornio's biggest city, Los Angeles, is the second most populous city in the country. Mountoin ronges stretch ocross much of the West. The Rocky Mountoins begin for to the north in Alqskq. From there they stretch south through Conodo, Montono, Idoho, Wyoming, ond Colorodo. The Greot Bqsin lies to the west of the Rockies. A bosin is o bowl-shoped londform thot is lower thqn the lond oround it. Ronges of mountoins circle oround the Greot Bqsin. This map shows the West region of the United States. Based on the scales, which state is the largest in the region? ra 2: n9 t {1tCTIC OCEAA r. s L Alaska , + ,tr t( 0 200 4oorni t_.r? O 4O0 kilometers I t lv E go K PACIFI( OCEAA 150 300 kilometers t -v4_ El.v.tion % ,.::1{;;:: 5.ooo: I \-3,100 r,ooo- ', -600^ 0- Below '.- \ c Hawa ii PACIFI( OCEAA o 75 150 miles F+-rrr-J 0 150 kilometers 3 ? California The West @ Teachers' Curriculum lnstitute CANADA CANADA 0 Ulah 150 300 miles rt! l5'N MEXICO Lesson 2 Exploring Regions of the United States 45 There ore severol mountqin ronges olong the Pqciflc coqst. The Coost Ronges ore mountoins thqt seem to rise right out of the Pocific Oceon. The Coscade Ronge ond the Sierro Nevodo ore further inlond. (Sierro Nevodo meons "snowy ronge" in Sponish.) Between the Coost Ronge mountoins ond the inlond mountqins ore two rich forming volleys. One is Cqlifomiq's Centrol Volley. The other is Oregont Willomette Volley. Howoii is olso mountoinous. Volconoes formed its islonds Iong ogo. A volcono is an opening in Eorth's surfoce through which hot, melted rock ond osh may pour out. As the liquid rock cools, it forms o cone-shoped mountoin. 0regon s Willamette Valley lies between the Coast Hange mountains and inland mountains. The soil here is rich enough to plant many crops. Lesson 2 Exploring Regions of the United States @Teachers' Curriculum lnstitute a I .t I 46 Must be located somewhere where there is over 250 people per squore mile ond no more thon 64 inches of roin folls onnuolly Honds0n Activity Noles Must be locoted ot on elevotion no higher thon 5,OO0 feet where the populotion is greoter thon 50 people per squore mile ond no more thon 32 inches of roin folls onnuolly Aquorium ond Seo Life Pork thon 96 inches of roin folls onnuolly Winter Wonderlond ond Ski Park I -t I - Must be locoted somewhere thot gets no more thon 32 inches of roin folls onnuolly ond thot hos o populotion of 250 per squore mile or more Zippin'Zipline Pork . w ,J .! Must be locoted somewhere with o populotion density of ot leos 50 people per squore mile ond ,l Activity 0 nline Swingin' Arnusement Pork Must be locoted by on oceon or gulf where the populotion is greoter thon 250 people per squore mile ond no more l Highlond Skote ond BMX Pork Roorin' Whitewoter Rofting Pork Must be locoted on o river olong o poth with ot leost two elevotion ronges, in on oreo thot gets 32-96 inches of roin foll onnuolly I Wild Slide Woter Pork i Must be ot leost 5,00O feet in elevotion ond hove o populotion of no more thon 49 people per squore mile Must be locoted ot on elevotion of qt leost 1000 feet, in o forested oreo with o populotion density of no more thon 49 people per squore mile f '-r Sunset Trompoline Pork ) on elevotion no higher thon 599 feet O Teachers' Cuniculum lnstitute Lesson Z b(ploring Beqioos o, the United States 47 Region Park Coordinates Two reasons why this location and region work Northeost Southeost Midwest Southwest West Complete the toble by choosing the best pork for eoch region. Provide the coordinotes ond qt leost two reosons why that park works well in the region. 48 Lesson 2 Exploftng Begions of the United States @Teachers' Curriculum lnstituts Summory You now know thot there ore different kinds of maps. Some mops show locotions of ploces oround the world. Lines of lotitude ond longitude help us f,nd exact locotions of ploces ond meosure distonces north to south ond eost to west. Mop scoles olso help us meosure distonces from ploce to ploce. Did you remember to think like o geogropher qs you looked ot the mops of eoch region? As you reqd about eoch region of the United Stotes, you considered the five themes of geogrophy: locotion, ploce, humon-environmentol interoction, movement, ond regions. You looked ot physicol maps of eoch region to see where o ploce is locoted and what it is like. There ore mony other kinds of mops, including speciol-purpose mops. To compore climotes oround the country, you might use o climote map. A product mop might show whqt eoch region grows or monufoctures. Which region do you live in? How is it different from the others? Eoch region of the United Stotes vories by locotion, nqturol feotures, climote, ond woy of life. Find o recreotionol pork in the United Stotes and flll in the informotion obout it. You cqn choose from ony of the types of porks listed. Nome of Pork: Type of Pork: tr Whitewqter rqfting tr Trompoline pork tr Skqte ond BMX pork tr Aquorium ond seo life pork tr Winter octivity ond ski pork tr Amusement pork tr Woter pork tr Zipline pork Locqtion of Pqrk (Region): Lotitude/Longitude: Averoge Roinfoll: Elevotion: Populotion Density:”
Teacher Guide & Tips
- Use this as a rotating station block of roughly 45 to 60 minutes, with one station on map basics, one on the five regions, and one on the park-selection task, so small groups can move at their own pace through the Google Form.
- Discussion question: Why might a farmer in the Midwest and a skier in the Northeast experience the same country so differently? Ask students to connect climate and landforms to daily life.
- Scaffold for struggling readers: pre-teach the vocabulary word bank, pair students with a partner for the compass rose and map key tasks, and read the Introduction and directions aloud before students work independently.
- Extension for advanced students: have them design their own recreational park for a region not already assigned, justifying the coordinates with at least two elevation, population, or rainfall criteria drawn from the special-purpose maps.
- Estimated time: about 10 minutes per station for reading and guided practice, plus 15 to 20 minutes for the park-selection chart and the Google Form summary.
Exploring U.S. Regions Station Rotation for Grade 4
A multi-station geography packet for 4th and 5th grade 2e learners, about one hour across stations, that builds map-reading skills (cardinal directions, scale, symbols, latitude and longitude) and regional thinking across the five U.S. regions. Students use a Google Form to record answers, and the packet includes a vocabulary word bank, guided directions for each station, and a hands-on recreational park selection task that asks students to apply the criteria using special-purpose maps.
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