“Using this information create slides/instructional materials to explicitly teach Chemical Reactions - breaking and forming of bonds between different substances during chemical changes Either release or absorb energy Breaking a bond energy is absorbed Forming a bond energy is released Law of conservation - energy can not be created or destroyed Changes form Biochemical reactions Catabolic - break down large molecules into simpler compounds Anabolic - build larger molecules from smaller ones All reactions require energy Activation energy - amount of energy required to make a chemical reaction start Reactants (substrates) - substances that are changed during a chemical reaction Products - substances that are made by a chemical reaction Types of reactions Endothermic Absorb energy Ex: photosynthesis Exothermic Release energy Ex: cellular respiration How to change rate of chemical reaction Temperature - increasing temperature, molecules move faster and collide more pH - most enzymes only work at specific pH level, if it changes rate changes too Substrate concentration - higher amount of substrate, faster reaction Catalysts - like enzymes, speed up reactions Lower activation energy for reaction to start Competitive inhibitor - slows down reaction Competes with substrate for active site on enzyme Enzymes Mostly are proteins that speed up biochemical reactions by lowering the activation energy Called catalysts - substances that speed up reactions without being permanently altered Enzymes are not changed in a reaction and can be used over and over again They are critical for regulation of processes in all organisms Enzymes are very specific Active site that fits only one substrate Once substrate connects, bind tightens (like a hug) called induced fit Enzymes make bonds to form one product Denauration Active site gets deformed and loses its specific shape Loss of activity Caused by change in temperature, pH, ion strength, or solubility Some can be renatured - return to original shape”